SUBJECT: Mammalian red blood cells
DATE: 3/97
 
Does anyone know of any mammals with nucleated red blood cells? And do
you have a reference? Thanks for any help!
 
***************************************************************
Louise Baxter email: baxterl@cwu.edu
Department of Biological Sciences phone: 509-963-2745
Central Washington University fax: 509-963-2730
Ellensburg, WA 98926
 
 
Blood lesson time.
1. Vertebrates have oval, nucleated, hemoglobin containing red cells:
there is an exception, mammals - where the cells are round, biconcave,
and anucleate in the circulating peripheral blood. And there is an
exception within the mammals: camel circulating red cells are oval, not
round; they are however, anucleate.
2. All vertebrate red cells, including mammalian are nucleated at one
time. The normoblast of mammalian red cells lose their nucleus before
the cell is released into the peripheral blood. Sometimes the remodeling
of the mammalian red cell is incomplete at release time and traces of ER
etc are still present; these cells are called reticulocytes. Within a
day or two in the circulating blood, the red cell has its usual appearance.
3. Now for some possible confusion. Vertebrates except mammals have
thrombocytes, a small nucleated cell involved in clotting. Mammals have
anucleated fragments (notice a trend) called platelets.
4. Blood trivia: a human red blood cell has a surface area of about 140
microns2. One third of the cell's mass is hemoglobin of which there are
about 265,000,000 molecules per cell. The total surface area of all the
25 trillion human circulating red cells is about 4,000 m2. A red cell
will make about 50,000 circuits through the body before it is removed
after about 120 days.
 
A question I pose to my students. If the characteristic shape of a
vertebrate red cell is oval and nucleate, then one would assume that
blood capillaries evolved in such a way as to take advantage of the shape
of the red cell. Because mammalian red cells are round, biconcave and
anucleate, are the capillaries designed differently to accommodate
possible differences in fluid dynamics?
 
Some final comments: Several biological supply houses sell camel blood
because of it shape difference. And dalmations have different hemoglobin
from the rest of the "usual" mammals.
 
Ain't Spring Break grand!!
 
Blystone in Texas
 
--------------------------------
Robert V. Blystone, Ph.D.
rblyston@trinity.edu
 
Department of Biology
Trinity University
715 Stadium Drive
San Antonio, Texas 78212
210.736-7243 FAX 210/736-7229
 
 
Blystone in Texas included the following (in celebration of
Spring Break!!):
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3. Now for some possible confusion. Vertebrates except mammals have
thrombocytes, a small nucleated cell involved in clotting. Mammals have
anucleated fragments (notice a trend) called platelets.
*****************************************************************
Robert:
Can you provide your reference for the above? I just checked, in haste,
two current human anatomy/physiology texts and they both indicated that
thrombocytes = platelets; i.e., thromobocytes are "fragments" of cytoplasm
surrounded by a membrane and without a nucleus. Is this the situation
of human anatomists/physiologists NOT recognizing that mammals are different
from other vertebrates?
Jim Freed in Ohio.
 
 
>Is this the situation
>of human anatomists/physiologists NOT recognizing that mammals are different
>from other vertebrates?
 
Bloom and Fawcett A Textbook of Histology 10th edition page 140. "The
blood of reptiles, birds, amphibians, and lower vertebrates does not
contain platelets but has nucleated cells called thrombocytes, which seem
to play a similar role in blood clotting."
 
I guess Don Fawcett has it right.
 
Blystone in Texas
 
--------------------------------
Robert V. Blystone, Ph.D.
rblyston@trinity.edu
 
Department of Biology
Trinity University
715 Stadium Drive
San Antonio, Texas 78212
210.736-7243 FAX 210/736-7229
 
 
I believe it is definite that no mammals have nucleated red blood cells. Check any
recent zoology text. Some of these texts used to report that Camelids and Prototherians had red blood cells, but they were simply repeating an erroneous claim from another text. When someone looked, the claim was wrong.
 
Dave McNeely, Biology, University of Texas at Brownsville, 80 Fort Brown, Brownsville, TX 78520; mcneely@utb1.utb.edu
 

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